Chidziwitso cha Tiyi

Posachedwapa, dziko la China lidalengeza za "njira zopangira tiyi zachikhalidwe cha ku China ndi miyambo yofananira" kudzera pakuwunika, zomwe zidalembedwa pa UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.Pakati pawo, Dehong Dai Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, Mangshi "De'ang wowawasa kupanga tiyi njira" monga gawo laling'ono anasankhidwa.

Tiyi wa Deang wowawasa wagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri ya tiyi yodyedwa ndi tiyi wakumwa.Tiyi wodyedwa nthawi zambiri amadyedwa ngati mbale, ndi osowa Deang zakudya;kumwa tiyi ndi wowawasa komanso wotsekemera, mtundu wake wa supu ndi wagolide komanso wowala, tiyi wazaka zambiri amakhala ndi fungo la azitona, fungo la sinamoni, fungo la mkaka ndi fungo lina.

Nthawi zambiri, anthu a De'ang amasankha masika ndi chilimwe kuti apange tiyi wowawasa, pogwiritsa ntchito masamba atsopano a mtengo wa tiyi wa Yunnan ngati zopangira, zomwe zimakonzedwa popha, kukanda, kuwira kwa anaerobic, kupukusa, ndi zina zambiri.

Kupha nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito mphika, ng'oma ndi nthunzi njira zitatu.

Pambuyo pa kupha, masamba a tiyi amalowetsedwa mu machubu ansungwi kuti ayambe kuwira kwa anaerobic.

Pakati pawo, nayonso mphamvu ya anaerobic ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi nayonso mphamvu ya tiyi wina.Kuwotchera kwa Anaerobic ndi njira yofunika kwambiri pokonza tiyi wa Deang wowawasa komanso gawo lofunikira popanga mawonekedwe a tiyi wowawasa.Tiyi wachakudya nthawi zambiri amafufuzidwa kwa miyezi iwiri, pomwe kumwa tiyi kumafunika kufufumitsa kwa miyezi 4 mpaka 9.

Tiyi wowawasa ali ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri m'miyoyo ya anthu a Deang ndipo amalumikizana kwambiri ndi moyo wa anthu a Deang.

Tiyi wa organic Chinese ndi tiyi yemwe amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zaulimi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amabzalidwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwala a herbicides, kapena feteleza.M'malo mwake, tiyi wa organic amabzalidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachilengedwe zomwe zimalimbikitsa thanzi ndi mphamvu za nthaka ndi zomera.Tiyi wa organic nthawi zambiri amaonedwa kuti ndi wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa tiyi wamba, chifukwa amalimidwa mokhazikika komanso wokonda zachilengedwe.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya tiyi yaku China yomwe ilipo, kuphatikiza tiyi wobiriwira, oolong, wakuda, ndi pu'er.Kukoma ndi chikhalidwe cha tiyi wa organic Chinese amatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa tiyi komanso momwe amakulira.Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti tiyi wa organic ali ndi kukoma kwachilengedwe, koyera ndipo akhoza kukhala wathanzi chifukwa chosowa mankhwala opangidwa.

Ngati mukufuna kugula tiyi waku China, ndikofunikira kusankha gwero lodziwika bwino ndikuyang'ana tiyi omwe atsimikiziridwa kuti ndi organic ndi bungwe lodziwika la chipani chachitatu.Izi ziwonetsetsa kuti tiyi womwe mukugula wakulitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira za organic ndikukwaniritsa zomwe zakhazikitsidwa pakupanga organic.

Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe muyenera kuziganizira posankha tiyi waku China, ndipo tiyi yabwino kwambiri kwa inu imatengera zomwe mumakonda komanso zosowa zanu.Nawa malangizo angapo okuthandizani kusankha tiyi yoyenera yaku China:

Ganizirani za mtundu wa tiyi: Tiyi yaku China imagawidwa m'magulu anayi akuluakulu kutengera kuchuluka kwa makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa masamba: wobiriwira, oolong, wakuda, ndi pu'er.Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi mbiri yakeyake ya kukoma kwake, ndipo tiyi yabwino kwambiri kwa inu idzadalira zomwe mumakonda.

Yang'anani masamba apamwamba: Tiyi yabwino ya ku China iyenera kukhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino, osasweka, opanda zilema kapena zonyansa.Masamba ayeneranso kukhala ndi fungo labwino komanso loyera.

Ganizirani komwe tiyi adachokera: Madera osiyanasiyana ku China amatulutsa tiyi wokhala ndi mbiri komanso mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.Mwachitsanzo, tiyi wochokera m'chigawo cha Fujian amadziwika chifukwa cha kununkhira kwake kwamaluwa, pomwe tiyi waku Yunnan amadziwika chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo kwanthaka.

Ganizirani zaka za tiyi: Mitundu ina ya tiyi yaku China, monga pu'er ndi oolong, nthawi zambiri imakhala yokalamba kuti ipangitse kukoma kozama komanso kovutirapo.Matiyi okalamba amatha kukhala okwera mtengo, koma angakhalenso apamwamba kwambiri.

Ganizirani mtengo wake: Mtengo wa tiyi waku China ukhoza kusiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu, mtundu, komanso zaka za tiyi.Ngakhale ndizowona kuti mitengo yokwera nthawi zambiri imawonetsa kukwezeka, ndikofunikira kuti mufufuze ndikusankha gwero lodziwika bwino pogula tiyi yaku China.

 Ndibwinonso kuyesa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tiyi yaku China kuti mupeze yomwe mumakonda kwambiri.Masitolo ambiri a tiyi ndi ogulitsa pa intaneti amapereka zitsanzo zazikulu kapena zochepa za tiyi, zomwe zingakhale njira yabwino yoyesera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tiyi popanda kugula kwakukulu.

Lu Yu analemba m’buku lake lalikulu kwambiri lakuti The Classic of Tea: “Tiyi monga chakumwa, anachokera ku Shennong.”

Shennong: Bambo Wanthano Wamankhwala aku China.

Mbiri ya tiyi waku China (茶chá) imayamba ndi Shennong (神农Shénnóng), munthu wopeka yemwe amati ndi tate wa ulimi waku China ndi Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Nthano imanena kuti Shennong adapeza tiyi mwangozi pomwe amawira madzi akumwa atakhala pansi pa mtengo wa Camellia sinensis.Masamba ena a mtengowo anagwera m’madzimo, akumawonjezera fungo lokhazika mtima pansi.Shennong adamwetsa madzi, adawona kuti ndi osangalatsa, motero, tiyi idabadwa.

'Shennong' Tanthauzo: Tanthauzo mu Chitchaina

Shennong (神农) kwenikweni amatanthauza “Mlimi Waumulungu” kapena “Mulungu Waulimi” m’Chitchaina.Komabe, kwenikweni iye si mlimi, koma hobbyist amene anangoumitsa zambiri zitsamba kuzindikira ubwino wawo.Chifukwa chake, timakhulupirira kuti mawu oti 'mankhwala azitsamba' angamuyenerere kwambiri.

Moyo unali wovuta zaka 5,000 zapitazo, anthu ankavutika ndi njala ndi matenda ambiri.Shennong ankawamvera chisoni kwambiri.Pamene anali wotsimikiza kupezera anthu ake chakudya chabwino ndi mankhwala, iye anayamba kukwera mapiri ndi kulawa mazana a zitsamba kuti aone phindu lake lamankhwala.Chifukwa cha kuwona m'mimba ndi ziwalo, Shennong adatha kudziwa momwe zitsamba zimagwirira ntchito mthupi lake.Iye anayesa mbali zosiyanasiyana za zomera kuti adziwe kagwiritsidwe ntchito kabwino ka mizu, zimayambira, masamba ndi zina zotero. Kenako analemba zimene anaona.

Tsiku lina, anakumana ndi zitsamba makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu ziwiri;zinali zomuchulutsa ngakhale iye.Iye anafooka kwambiri, anapunthwa, ndipo anagwira masamba ena pamene ankagwa.Atagona pansi, ankaganiza kuti alawa masambawo m’manja mwake, kenako n’kufa popanda chisoni.Masamba anasambira m'thupi la Shennong atangowalowetsa mkamwa.Anayang'ana mwamsanga malo omwe anali ndi kachilomboka ndipo anachita zodabwitsa.Shennong adapulumutsidwa ndi mphamvu yawo yakuchiritsa, adadabwa ndipo adaganiza zotcha chomera ichi "cha" (Chitchaina:查) kutanthauza “fufuzani” kapena “fufuzani”.Kuyambira pamenepo, Shennong nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito cha monga mankhwala.Cha ankadziwika ndi anthu chifukwa cha iye, koma ndi khalidwe lina "茶”, kutanthauza tiyi mu Chitchaina.

Chaling County, Chigawo cha Hunan ndi amodzi mwa zigawo zoyambirira kupanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito mitengo ya tiyi ku China.Ndiko komwe kunabadwira chikhalidwe cha tiyi.Chikhalidwe cha tiyi ndi mbiri yakale.Emperor Shennong adapeza tiyi pa dziko lakale komanso lamatsenga la Chaling ndipo adapanga mpainiya wakumwa tiyi, kotero adatchedwa "Chinese tiyi kholo".

Mafuta, mchere, msuzi, ndi vinyo wosasa ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zokhalira kunyumba.Pokhapokha ndi nkhuni, mpunga, mafuta, mchere, msuzi, viniga, ndi tiyi, m’pamene tingakhale ndi moyo wamtendere, wolemera ndi wokondweretsa.

Kwa achi China, tanthauzo la tiyi silofanana.Chifukwa anali anthu oyambilira ku China omwe adapeza tiyi, adagwiritsa ntchito tiyi, ndikupatsa tiyi ku chikhalidwe chopitilira phindu lake, ndikupanga chikhalidwe cha tiyi chapadera ku China.Ndiwonso aku China kukankhira chikhalidwe cha tiyi ndi tiyi kudziko lapansi, kuzipereka pamaso pa dziko lapansi, kupanga tiyi wodalitsika anthu, ndikupanga chikhalidwe cha tiyi kukhala gawo lofunikira pa chitukuko cha anthu.Ichi ndi mfundo yosatsutsika.

Ku China, tiyi ndi mbiri yakale kwambiri ndipo wapanga chikhalidwe cha tiyi waku China.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, tiyi ndi yopindulitsa ku thanzi lathu, motero amalandiridwa bwino ndi anthu ambiri.Chikhalidwe cha tiyi waku China ndi chokulirapo komanso chozama, chomwe sichingokhala ndi chikhalidwe chakuthupi, komanso chimaphatikizanso chitukuko chakuya chauzimu.Ponena za tiyi waku China, titha kutsata kunthawi zakale, zomwe zidakula munthawi ya Tang ndi Song Dynasties, kuyambira pamenepo, mzimu wa tiyi walowa m'bwalo lamilandu ndi anthu, ukupita mozama mu ndakatulo zaku China, penti, calligraphy, chipembedzo ndi anthu. mankhwala.Kwa zaka masauzande ambiri, China yasonkhanitsa chikhalidwe chambiri pakulima ndi kupanga tiyi, komanso, kukulitsa chikhalidwe chauzimu cha tiyi.

Masamba a Tiyi, omwe amadziwika kuti tiyi, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi masamba ndi masamba a mtengo wa tiyi.Zosakaniza za tiyi zimaphatikizapo tiyi polyphenols, amino acid, makatekini, caffeine, chinyezi, phulusa, ndi zina zotero, zomwe ziri zabwino pa thanzi.Chakumwa cha tiyi chopangidwa kuchokera ku masamba a tiyi ndi chimodzi mwa zakumwa zitatu zazikulu padziko lonse lapansi.

Mbiri gwero

Zaka zoposa 6000 zapitazo, makolo omwe ankakhala ku Tianluo Mountain, Yuyao, Zhejiang, anayamba kubzala mitengo ya tiyi.Phiri la Tianluo ndi malo oyamba kumene mitengo ya tiyi idabzalidwa mochita kupanga ku China, yomwe idapezedwa mpaka pano ndi ofukula zakale.

Pambuyo pa Emperor Qin kugwirizanitsa China, idalimbikitsa kusinthana kwachuma pakati pa Sichuan ndi madera ena, ndipo kubzala tiyi ndi kumwa tiyi pang'onopang'ono kufalikira kuchokera ku Sichuan kupita kunja, kufalikira koyamba kumtsinje wa Yangtze.

Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Mzera wa Mzera wa Han waku Western mpaka nthawi ya Mafumu Atatu, tiyi adasanduka chakumwa choyambirira cha bwalo.

Kuchokera ku Western Jin Dynasty kupita ku Sui Dynasty, tiyi pang'onopang'ono idakhala chakumwa wamba.Palinso mbiri yowonjezereka yokhudza kumwa tiyi, tiyi pang'onopang'ono wakhala chakumwa wamba.
M'zaka za m'ma 500, kumwa tiyi kunafala kumpoto.Unafalikira kumpoto chakumadzulo m’zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi lachisanu ndi chiŵiri.Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa zizoloŵezi zakumwa tiyi, kumwa tiyi kwawonjezeka mofulumira, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo, tiyi wakhala chakumwa chotchuka cha mitundu yonse ya anthu ku China.

Lu Yu (728-804) wa mzera wa Tang ananena mu "Tea Classics": "Tiyi ndi chakumwa, anachokera ku fuko la Shennong, ndipo anamva Lu Zhougong."Mu nthawi ya Shennong (pafupifupi 2737 BC), mitengo ya tiyi idapezeka.Masamba atsopano amatha kusokoneza."Shen Nong's Materia Medica" inalembedwapo kuti: "Shen Nong amalawa zitsamba zana, amakumana ndi poizoni 72 patsiku, ndipo amamwa tiyi kuti athetse."Izi zikuwonetsa chiyambi cha kupezeka kwa tiyi wochiza matenda m'nthawi zakale, kusonyeza kuti China yagwiritsa ntchito tiyi kwa zaka zosachepera zikwi zinayi.

Kwa Tang ndi Song Dynasties, tiyi wakhala chakumwa chodziwika bwino chomwe "anthu sangakhale popanda."

Chilengedwe chobzala tiyi ndi monga momwe nthaka imakhalira, nyengo, mtundu wa nthaka, ndi zina zotero. Malowa amakhala ndi mapiri ndipo mitsinje imakhala yabwinoko.Kuchuluka kwamvula, kusiyana kochepa kwa kutentha kwapachaka, kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa masana ndi usiku, nthawi yayitali yopanda chisanu, komanso kuwala kwabwino.Nyengo yotereyi ndiyoyenera kumera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitengo ya tiyi, makamaka pakukula kwamitengo ya tiyi yamasamba akulu.Kuyambira kumapeto kwa dzinja mpaka koyambirira kwa chilimwe, pamakhala kuwala kwadzuwa, mvula yachilimwe ndi yophukira komanso chifunga (dera la tiyi la Yunnan), kuwala kwadzuwa kocheperako kumathandizira kuti mitengo ya tiyi ikhale yotentha komanso yopatsa thanzi, yomwe imathandizira kuti chilimwe chikhale bwino. ndi tiyi ya autumn.Latosol, dothi lofiira la latosol, dothi lofiira lamapiri kapena nthaka yachikasu yamapiri, nthaka ya nkhalango ya bulauni, dothili lili ndi digiri ya chitukuko chakuya komanso mawonekedwe abwino, oyenera kukula kwa mitengo ya tiyi.

Tiyi wobiriwira:

tiyi wopanda chotupitsa (zero nayonso mphamvu).Tiyi woyimilira ndi: HuangShan MaoFeng, PuLong Tea, MengDing GanLu, RiZhao Green Tea, LaoShan Green Tea, Liu An Gua Pian, LongJing DragonWell, MeiTan Green Tea, BiLuoChun, Meng'Er Tea, XinYang MaoJian, DuYun MaoJian, Liu An Gua Pian, LongJing DragonWell, MeiTan Green Tea, BiLuoChun, Meng'Er Tea, XinYang MaoJian, DuYun MaoJian, DuYun MaoJ GanFa Tea, ZiYang MaoJian Tea.

Tiyi wachikasu:

tiyi wothira pang'ono (digiri yowira ndi 10-20m) HuoShan Yellow Bud, Meng'Er Silver Needle, MengDing Yellow Bud

Popanga tiyi, masamba a tiyi ndi kulowetsedwa amapangidwa ataunjikidwa.Amagawidwa mu "Yellow Bud Tea" (kuphatikiza JunShan YinYa ku Dongting Lake, Hunan, Ya'an, Sichuan, Mengding Huangya ku Mingshan County, Huoshan Huangya ku Huoshan, Anhui), "Yellow Tea" (kuphatikiza Beigang ku Yueyang, Hunan , ndi Weishan ku Ningxiang, Hunan Maojian, Pingyang Huangtang ku Pingyang, Zhejiang, Luyuan ku Yuan'an, Hubei), "Huangdacha" (kuphatikizapo Dayeqing ku Anhui, Huoshan Huangdacha ku Anhui).

Tiyi wa Oolong:

yemwe amadziwikanso kuti tiyi wobiriwira, ndi tiyi wonyezimira, yemwe amathiridwa bwino popanga kuti masamba akhale ofiira pang'ono.Ndi mtundu wa tiyi pakati pa tiyi wobiriwira ndi tiyi wakuda.Ili ndi kutsitsimuka kwa tiyi wobiriwira komanso kutsekemera kwa tiyi wakuda.Chifukwa pakati pa masamba ndi obiriwira ndipo m'mphepete mwa masambawo ndi ofiira, amatchedwa "masamba obiriwira okhala ndi malire ofiira".Tiyi woyimira ndi: Tieguanyin, Dahongpao, Dongding Oolong tiyi.

Tiyi wakuda:

tiyi wothira mokwanira (wokhala ndi digiri ya 80-90m) tiyi wakuda wa Qimen, tiyi wakuda wa lychee, tiyi wakuda wa Hanshan, etc. Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya tiyi wakuda: Souchong wakuda tiyi, Gongfu wakuda tiyi ndi wosweka wakuda tiyi.Tiyi wakuda wa Gongfu amagawidwa makamaka ku Guangdong, Fujian, ndi Jiangxi, makamaka kuchokera ku Chaoshan.

Tiyi wakuda:

tiyi wothira pambuyo (wokhala ndi digiri ya kuwira kwa 100m) Pu'er tiyi Liubao tiyi Hunan tiyi wakuda (Qujiang flake golden tea) Jingwei Fu tiyi (wochokera ku Xianyang, Shaanxi)

Zopangira zake ndizovuta komanso zakale, ndipo nthawi yodziunjikira ndi nayonso mphamvu imakhala yotalikirapo pakukonza, kotero kuti masambawo amakhala ofiirira ndikukanikizidwa mu njerwa.Mitundu yayikulu ya tiyi wakuda ndi "Shanxi Xianyang Fuzhuan Tea", Yunnan "Pu'er Tea", "Hunan Dark Tea", "Hubei Old Green Tea", "Guangxi Liubao Tea", Sichuan "Bian Tea" ndi zina zotero.

Tiyi woyera:

tiyi wothira pang'ono (wokhala ndi digiri ya 20-30m kuwira) Baihao Yinzhen ndi peony woyera.Imakonzedwa popanda chipwirikiti-kukazinga kapena kusisita, ndipo masamba okhawo opepuka komanso opepuka a tiyi amawumitsidwa kapena kuuma pamoto pang'onopang'ono, fluff yoyera imakhalabe.Tiyi woyera amapangidwa makamaka m'maboma a Fuding, Zhenghe, Songxi ndi Jianyang ku Fujian.Amakulanso ku Liping County, m'chigawo cha Guizhou.Pali mitundu ingapo ya "Silver Singano", "White Peony", "Gong Mei" ndi "Shou Mei".Tiyi woyera Pekoe amadziwonetsera yekha.Siliva yotchuka kwambiri ya Baihao kuchokera kumpoto kwa Fujian ndi Ningbo, komanso peony yoyera.

Tiyi ya kasupeamatanthauza tiyi amene anakololedwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa March mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa May chaka chimenecho.M'chaka, kutentha kumakhala kochepa, mvula imakhala yokwanira, ndipo mitengo ya tiyi yakhala ikuyambiranso m'nyengo yozizira kwa theka la chaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tiyi ikhale yochuluka, yobiriwira, yofewa m'masamba, komanso mavitamini ambiri, makamaka amino acid. .Sikuti amangopangitsa kuti tiyi ya masika imve kukoma mwatsopano , komanso imakhala ndi fungo lokoma komanso lodzaza ndi zotsatira za thanzi.Tieguanyin waku Anxi County Yinxiang Tea Cooperative ndi nthumwi ya tiyi ya masika a Oolong.Maonekedwe ake ndi mtundu wa supu akhoza kufotokozedwa ngati "choyenera."(Chitsanzo china ndi Liu an gua limba ndi Shanlong black tea).

Tiyi yachilimweamatanthauza tiyi yomwe imakololedwa kuyambira koyambirira kwa Meyi mpaka koyambirira kwa Julayi.Nyengo yachilimwe imakhala yotentha.Mphukira zatsopano ndi masamba a mtengo wa tiyi amakula mofulumira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi atuluke omwe amatha kusungunula msuzi wa tiyi wochepa.Makamaka kuchepa kwa ma amino acid kumapangitsa kuti msuzi wa tiyi ukhale wokoma komanso wonunkhira kwambiri kuposa tiyi yamasika.Chifukwa zomwe zili mu anthocyanins owawa ndi astringent, caffeine, ndi tiyi polyphenols ndizochuluka kuposa tiyi ya masika, sizimangowonjezera mtundu wa masamba ofiirira ndi masamba, komanso zimakhala ndi kukoma kowawa.(Monga tiyi Pu'er, mapulo tiyi).

Tiyi ya autumnkukolola pambuyo pa m'ma August.Nyengo ya autumn imakhala pakati pa masika ndi chilimwe.Mitengo ya tiyi imakula kupyolera mu nyengo yachiwiri ya masika ndi chilimwe, ndipo zomwe zili mu mphukira zatsopano zimachepetsedwa.Kukula kwa masamba ndi kosiyana, masamba a masamba ndi osasunthika, mtundu wa masamba ndi wachikasu, ndipo kukoma ndi kununkhira kumawoneka mwamtendere.(Monga Tieguanyin, Yuemeixiang).

Tiyi yachisanuanayamba kukolola pafupifupi kumapeto kwa October.Tiyi yachisanu imabzalidwa tiyi yadzinja itatha kuthyoledwa ndipo nyengo imayamba kuzizira.Chifukwa masamba atsopano a tiyi wa dzinja amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo zomwe zilimo zimawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, zimakhala ndi kukoma kofewa komanso fungo lamphamvu (monga Dongding oolong).

Tiyi wokonzedwanso amatchedwa tiyi wopangidwanso kuchokera ku mitundu yonse ya Maocha kapena tiyi woyengedwa, kuphatikiza: tiyi wonunkhira, tiyi woponderezedwa, tiyi wochotsedwa, tiyi wa zipatso, tiyi wamankhwala, zakumwa zokhala ndi tiyi, ndi zina zambiri.

Tiyi wonunkhira (tiyi wa jasmine, tiyi wa ngale orchid, tiyi wa rose, tiyi wonunkhira wa osmanthus, etc.)

Tiyi wonunkhira, iyi ndi tiyi yosowa.Ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito fungo lamaluwa kuti awonjezere kununkhira kwa tiyi, ndipo amadziwika kwambiri ku China.Nthawi zambiri, tiyi wobiriwira amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira tiyi, koma ochepa amagwiritsanso ntchito tiyi wakuda kapena oolong.Amapangidwa kuchokera ku maluwa onunkhira komanso zinthu zonunkhiritsa malinga ndi momwe tiyi amayamwa mosavuta ndi fungo lachilendo.Pali mitundu ingapo ya maluwa monga jasmine ndi osmanthus, yokhala ndi jasmine kwambiri.

Tiyi woponderezedwa (njerwa yakuda, fuzhuan, tiyi ya sikweya, tiyi ya keke, ndi zina zotero)Tiyi wotulutsidwa (tiyi wanthawi yomweyo, tiyi wothira, ndi zina zotero, uwu ndi mtundu wa tiyi wodziwika bwino zaka ziwiri zapitazi)

Tiyi wa zipatso (tiyi wakuda wa lychee, tiyi wakuda wa mandimu, tiyi wa kiwi, etc.)

Tiyi wamankhwala (tiyi wochepetsera thupi, tiyi wa eucommia, tiyi wa chiwombankhanga, ndi zina zambiri, izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati tiyi, osati tiyi weniweni)

Kugwirizana kwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi masamba a tiyi kuti apange tiyi wamankhwala kuti agwiritse ntchito komanso kulimbitsa mphamvu yamankhwala, amathandizira kutha kwa mankhwala, kuonjezera fungo, ndikugwirizanitsa kukoma kwa mankhwala.Pali mitundu yambiri ya tiyi yamtunduwu, monga "tiyi wamadzulo", "tiyi wa tiyi wa tiyi", "tiyi wamoyo wautali", "tiyi wochepetsera thupi" ndi zina zotero.

Chakumwa cha tiyi (tiyi wakuda wakuda, tiyi wobiriwira, tiyi wamkaka, etc.)

Kuchokera pamalingaliro adziko lapansi, tiyi wakuda ndi wochuluka kwambiri, wotsatiridwa ndi tiyi wobiriwira, ndipo tiyi woyera ndiye wocheperako.

Matcha adachokera ku Sui Dynasty ku China, adakula mu Tang ndi Song Dynasties, ndipo adamwalira mu Yuan ndi Ming Dynasties.Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chinayi, idalowa ku Japan ndi nthumwi ya Tang Dynasty ndipo idakhala quintessence ya Japan.Anapangidwa ndi anthu amtundu wa Han ndipo adasiyidwa kukhala tiyi wobiriwira wobiriwira, wophimbidwa ndi mphero yachilengedwe.Tiyi wobiriwira amaphimbidwa ndikuthiridwa pamithunzi masiku 10-30 musanamwe.Njira yopangira matcha ndikupera.

Tekinoloje yopangira tiyi

Kukonza tiyi, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti "kupanga tiyi", ndi njira yomwe masamba atsopano amitengo ya tiyi amasinthidwa kukhala ma tiyi osiyanasiyana omaliza kapena omalizidwa.Malingana ndi njira zosiyanasiyana, zikhoza kugawidwa m'makonzedwe oyambirira (makonzedwe oyambirira), oyeretsedwa (kumaliza kukonza), kukonzanso ndi kukonza kwambiri.Njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira tiyi zimabweretsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tiyi.Ubwino wa mtundu uliwonse wa tiyi umadalira kugwirizana kwa njira zopangira;zida zapamwamba zamasamba zatsopano zimatha kupanga tiyi wapamwamba kwambiri pamikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri.

China ndi mudzi wa tiyi, womwe kwa nthawi yayitali ukulima tiyi, kulemekeza kwambiri tiyi, ndi miyambo yachilendo yakumwa tiyi.Kumwa tiyi waku China kuli ndi mbiri yazaka zopitilira 4,700 kuyambira nthawi ya Shennong.Mwambo wa tiyi uli ndi ubale wokonzedweratu kuyambira nthawi zakale.

Alendo amabwera kudzapereka tiyi, yomwe ndi miyambo yakale kwambiri ya anthu aku China omwe amalemekeza kuchereza alendo.Mpaka m'zaka za m'ma 2100, alendo akafika kunyumba, wolandira alendo amayenera kupanga kapu ya tiyi wonunkhira.Zikondwerero, komanso amakonda kusangalatsa ndi zotsitsimula.Kukhala ndi phwando la tiyi ndi losavuta, lachuma, lokongola komanso laulemu.Zomwe zimatchedwa ubwenzi wapakati pa njonda ndizopepuka ngati madzi, zomwe zimatanthawuzanso tiyi wokhala ndi fungo lokoma.

Palinso miyambo yosiyanasiyana ya anthu achi China omwe amagwiritsa ntchito tiyi m'malo mwa miyambo.Ku Hangzhou, likulu la Ufumu wa Kumwera kwa Nyimbo, banja lililonse limapanga tiyi watsopano tsiku loyamba la chilimwe, ndikusakaniza ndi zipatso zabwino zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimatchedwa tiyi ya mabanja asanu ndi awiri, yomwe imaperekedwa kwa achibale ndi abwenzi pafupi ndi wina ndi mnzake.Mwambo uwu ndikuyika zipatso ziwiri zobiriwira, zomwe ndi azitona kapena kumquats, mu kapu ya tiyi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti Chaka Chatsopano ndi chabwino.

Panalinso ulemu waukulu wa tiyi m'maukwati akale achi China.Anthu akale ankagwiritsa ntchito tiyi monga chidziwitso chawo akamakwatirana.Iwo ankaganiza kuti mitengo ya tiyi imangomera kuchokera ku njere ndipo sichingabzalidwe, apo ayi idzafa.Choncho, ankaona tiyi ngati chizindikiro cha kusasinthika.Choncho, amuna ndi akazi amachita chinkhoswe ndi tiyi monga mphatso, ndipo mkazi kuvomera mwamuna mphatso ya chibwenzi, yotchedwa order tiyi kapena tea settle, ena amatchedwa kuvomereza tiyi, ndipo pali mwambi wakuti banja limodzi alibe tiyi awiri. mabanja.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chikhalidwe chaukwati wonse chimatchulidwa pamodzi kuti tiyi atatu ndi miyambo isanu ndi umodzi.Tiyi atatu ndi tiyi wa chinkhoswe, tiyi waukwati, ndi tiyi wa chipinda cha akwati.Tiyi ikaperekedwa, imadziwikanso kuti tiyi wachimuna ndi vinyo wachikazi, ndiye kuti, panthawi yachinkhoswe, banja lachimuna limatumizanso masilindala angapo a vinyo wa Shaoxing kuwonjezera pa makina osindikizira.Paukwati, pali miyambo itatu ya tiyi.Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi tiyi atatu, chikho choyamba cha Baiguo, chikho chachiwiri cha mbewu za lotus ndi madeti, chikho chachitatu ndi tiyi.Njira yokhala ndi tiyi, mutalandira chikho, igwireni m'manja onse awiri, pangani kugunda kwakuya, ndiyeno kukhudza milomo kwa banja kuti mutenge, momwemonso ndi wachiwiri.Njira yachitatu, mukhoza kumwa pokhapokha mutapanga.Ichi ndi chikhalidwe cholemekezeka kwambiri.Miyambo yonyansa imeneyi ndi mwambo wa tiyi waukwati umagwiritsidwabe ntchito monga mwambo.

Ngakhale tiyi onse owona amayamba ngati Camellia sinensis, pali mitundu isanu ndi umodzi kapena magulu a tiyi.Mtundu uliwonse umatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa okosijeni, kapena kusintha kwa enzymatic, masamba amakumana nawo akakololedwa.Mitundu isanu, mwadongosolo la masamba ocheperako mpaka ambiri, ndi:

Green Tea

Kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha-kutentha kowuma monga kuwombera poto kapena kuphika, kapena kutentha kwa nthunzi yonyowa-kumatulutsa masamba ndi kuwaika pamalo obiriwira.

Tiyi Yellow

Masamba amatenthedwa pang'onopang'ono kenako amaphimbidwa ndikusiyidwa kuti asungunuke kwakanthawi kochepa.

White Tea

Masamba okololedwa kumene amasiyidwa kuti afote ndipo mwachibadwa amayamba kukhala oxide.Masamba amakhalabe ndi mtundu wina wobiriwira wobiriwira, komanso amasinthidwa ndi enzymatic.

Oolong Tea

Masamba amagudubuzika mobwerezabwereza ndikusintha kuti awononge ma cell awo ndikulimbikitsa okosijeni.Masamba kusunga mtundu wobiriwira.

Tiyi Wakuda

Kugudubuzika kwathunthu kumaphwanya makoma a cell mutsamba lililonse kuti makutidwe a okosijeni azitha kuchitika.

Tiyi ya Pu-erh

Pali masitayelo angapo a pu-erh, iliyonse imafuna kuti masamba akhale kwa nthawi yayitali kotero kuti kuwira kwachilengedwe ndi okosijeni kumachitika.Zimenezi n’zofanana ndi za zakudya zina zofufumitsa monga kimchi kapena sauerkraut.

Mu mitundu yonse ya tiyi, pamene mlingo wofunidwa wa okosijeni wafika, masamba a tiyi amawotchedwa pa kutentha kwakukulu kuti achotse chinyezi chilichonse chotsalira ndikuchikhazikitsa kuti chisamalire ndi kusunga.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za mitundu ya tiyi, onani Mndandanda wa Tiyi wa Master.

Gulu la tiyi limasonyeza kukula kwa masamba ake.Popeza masamba amitundu yosiyanasiyana amalowetsa mosiyanasiyana, chomaliza chopanga tiyi wabwino ndikusunga, kapena kusefa masamba mumiyeso yofanana.Chizindikiro chimodzi chaubwino ndi momwe tiyi wayikidwira bwino komanso mosasintha - tiyi wopangidwa bwino amabweretsa kulowetsedwa kodalirika, pomwe tiyi wosasankhidwa bwino amakhala ndi matope, kukoma kosasinthasintha.

Mitundu yodziwika bwino yamakampani ndi mawu ake ndi awa:

Leaf Lonse

Mtengo wa TGFOP

Tippy Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe: imodzi mwamakalasi apamwamba kwambiri, okhala ndi masamba athunthu ndi masamba agolide.

Mtengo wa TGFOP

Tippy Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe

GFOP

Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe: tsamba lotseguka lokhala ndi nsonga zofiirira zagolide

GFOP

Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe

FOP

Maluwa a Orange Pekoe: Masamba aatali opindika.

FOP

Maluwa a Orange Pekoe:

OP

Maluwa a Orange Pekoe: masamba aatali, opyapyala, opindika kwambiri mpaka masamba a FOP.

OP

Maluwa a Orange Pekoe:

Pekoe

Mtundu, masamba ang'onoang'ono, okulungidwa momasuka.

Souchung

Masamba otambalala, osalala.

Tsamba Losweka

Mtengo wa GFBOP

Golden Flowery Broken Orange Pekoe: masamba osweka, ofananira ndi nsonga zagolide.

Mtengo wa GFBOP

Golden Flowery Broken Orange Pekoe

Chithunzi cha FBOP

Maluwa Osweka Orange Pekoe: okulirapo pang'ono kuposa masamba wamba a BOP, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi masamba agolide kapena siliva.

Chithunzi cha FBOP

Maluwa Osweka Orange Pekoe

BOP

Wosweka Orange Pekoe: imodzi mwamasamba ang'onoang'ono komanso osinthika kwambiri, okhala ndi mtundu wabwino komanso mphamvu.Ma tiyi a BOP ndi othandiza pakuphatikiza.

BOP

Wosweka Orange Pekoe

BP

Pekoe Wosweka: Masamba aafupi, opindika, omwe amatulutsa kapu yakuda, yolemera.

Thumba la Tiyi ndi Okonzeka-Kumwa

BP

Pekoe wosweka

Zokonda

Zing'onozing'ono kwambiri kuposa masamba a BOP, zokometsera ziyenera kukhala zofanana komanso zogwirizana ndi mtundu ndi kukula kwake

Fumbi

Masamba ang'onoang'ono, ofulumira kwambiri

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 19, mapangidwe a tiyi pang'onopang'ono adawonekera.Pambuyo popatukana ndi kuzindikirika kwamakono kwasayansi, tiyi imakhala ndi zinthu zopitilira 450 zopangidwa ndi organic ndi zinthu zopitilira 40 zamchere.

Organic mankhwala zigawo zikuluzikulu zikuphatikizapo: tiyi polyphenols, alkaloids zomera, mapuloteni, amino zidulo, mavitamini, pectin, zidulo organic, lipopolysaccharides, chakudya, michere, inki, etc. The zili organic zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwala mu Tieguanyin, monga tiyi polyphenols, makatekisimu, ndi zosiyanasiyana amino zidulo, kwambiri apamwamba kuposa tiyi ena.Inorganic mchere zinthu makamaka monga potaziyamu, calcium, magnesium, cobalt, chitsulo, zotayidwa, sodium, nthaka, mkuwa, nayitrogeni, phosphorous, fluorine, ayodini, selenium, etc. The inorganic mchere zinthu zili Tieguanyin, monga manganese, chitsulo, fluorine. , potaziyamu, ndi sodium, ndi apamwamba kuposa tiyi ena.

Zosakaniza ntchito

1. Makatekisini

Zomwe zimadziwika kuti tiyi tannins, ndi gawo lapadera la tiyi wokhala ndi zowawa, zoziziritsa kukhosi komanso zowawa.Ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi caffeine mu supu ya tiyi kuti mupumule zotsatira za thupi la caffeine pa thupi la munthu.Lili ndi ntchito za anti-oxidation, anti-sudden mutation, anti-tumor, kutsitsa cholesterol m'magazi ndi mapuloteni otsika kwambiri a ester, kuletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuletsa kuphatikizika kwa mapulateleti, antibacterial, ndi anti-product allergies.

2. khofi

Lili ndi kukoma kowawa ndipo ndilofunika kwambiri pa kukoma kwa supu ya tiyi.Mu supu ya tiyi wakuda, imaphatikizana ndi ma polyphenols kuti apange gulu;msuzi wa tiyi umapanga chodabwitsa cha emulsification pakazizira.Makatekini apadera ndi ma oxidative condensates mu tiyi amatha kuchedwetsa ndikupitiliza kusangalatsa kwa caffeine.Choncho, kumwa tiyi kungathandize anthu amene amayendetsa maulendo ataliatali kuti asamaganize bwino komanso kuti athe kupirira.

3. Mchere

Tiyi ndi wolemera mu mitundu 11 ya mchere kuphatikizapo potaziyamu, calcium, magnesium ndi manganese.Msuzi wa tiyi uli ndi ma cations ambiri komanso ma anions ochepa, omwe ndi chakudya chamchere.Zingathandize kuti madzi a m'thupi azikhala ndi alkaline komanso kukhala athanzi.

① Potaziyamu: kulimbikitsa kuchotsedwa kwa sodium m'magazi.Kuchuluka kwa sodium m'magazi ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.Kumwa tiyi wochuluka kungalepheretse kuthamanga kwa magazi.

②Fluorine: Imathandiza kupewa kuwola kwa mano.

③Manganese: Ili ndi anti-oxidation ndi anti-kukalamba zotsatira, imathandizira chitetezo chamthupi, komanso imathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito calcium.Chifukwa sichisungunuka m'madzi otentha, imatha kupangidwa kukhala ufa wa tiyi kuti umwe.

4. Mavitamini

Mavitamini a B ndi vitamini C amasungunuka m'madzi ndipo amatha kumwa tiyi.

5. Pyrroloquinoline quinone

Chigawo cha pyrroloquinoline quinone mu tiyi chimakhala ndi zotsatira zochedwetsa kukalamba ndikutalikitsa moyo.

6. Zigawo zina zogwira ntchito

①Mowa wa Flavone umapangitsa kuti makoma a capillaries athetse mpweya woipa.

②Saponins ali ndi anti-cancer komanso anti-yotupa.

③Aminobutyric acid amapangidwa pokakamiza masamba a tiyi kuti apume mpweya panthawi yopanga tiyi.Akuti tiyi ya Jiayelong imatha kupewa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Mankhwala a tiyi ndi chithandizo cha tiyi:

Tiyi ali ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zamankhwala, ndipo mawu oti "mankhwala a tiyi" adagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Mzera wa Tang

Tiyi imakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

(1) Kugona mochepa;(2) kukhazika mtima pansi;(3) kukonza maso;(4) maganizo abwino;(5) kuthetsa ludzu ndi kupanga madzi;(6) kuchotsa kutentha;(7) kuchepetsa kutentha;(8) kuchotsa poizoni;(9) kuthetsa chakudya;(10) anti-hangover;(11) kuchepetsa thupi;(12) tsitsani mpweya;(13) diuresis;(14) mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba;(15) kuchiza kamwazi;(16) kuchotsa phlegm;(17) kutulutsa mphepo ndi mitundu yochotsera;(18) kulimbitsa mano;(19) kuchiza kupwetekedwa mtima;(20) kuchiza zilonda ndi fistula;(21) kuchiza njala;(22) kubwezeretsa nyonga;(23) kutalikitsa moyo;(24) kutsekereza beriberi.

Zotsatira zina za tiyi: mankhwala ovunda pakamwa, ziphuphu zakumaso

Anti-cancer: Tiyi wophikidwa mumphika ndiwothandiza kwambiri ku thanzi.Poyerekeza ndi kungophika tiyi mu kapu yodzaza ndi madzi otentha, njira yopangira madzi a tiyi imatha kutulutsa mankhwala oletsa khansa.

Kupewa matenda: Tiyi wakuda ali ndi mphamvu zowononga antibacterial.Gargle ndi tiyi wakuda amatha kupewa chimfine chomwe chimayamba chifukwa cha kusefa ma virus, kupewa kuwola kwa mano ndi poizoni wa chakudya, komanso kuchepetsa shuga wamagazi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti tiyi wakuda si wotsika kuposa wobiriwira ndipo ndi wopindulitsa kwambiri pamtima.

1. Kutafuna tiyi mutamwa tiyi kuti mukhale ndi thanzi

Anthu ena amatafuna tiyi atatha kumwa tiyi, chifukwa tiyiyo imakhala ndi carotene, ulusi wambiri komanso zakudya zina.Komabe, poganizira chitetezo, njira iyi siyikulimbikitsidwa.Chifukwa ma dregs a tiyi amathanso kukhala ndi zinthu zachitsulo zolemera monga lead ndi cadmium, komanso mankhwala osasungunuka m'madzi.Ngati mudya tiyi, zinthu zovulazazi zidzatengedwa m'thupi.

2. Tiyi watsopano, ndi bwino

Tiyi watsopano amatanthauza tiyi watsopano yemwe wawotchedwa ndi masamba atsopano osakwana theka la mwezi.Kunena zoona, tiyi uyu amakoma bwino.Komabe, malinga ndi chiphunzitso chamankhwala achi China, masamba a tiyi omwe angokonzedwa kumene amakhala ndi kutentha kwamkati, ndipo kutentha kumeneku kumatha kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali.Choncho, kumwa tiyi watsopano kwambiri kungachititse anthu kutentha mkati.Kuphatikiza apo, tiyi watsopanoyo ali ndi tiyi wochuluka wa polyphenols ndi caffeine, omwe amakonda kukwiya m'mimba.Ngati mumamwa tiyi watsopano nthawi zonse, kupweteka kwa m'mimba kumatha kuchitika.Anthu omwe ali ndi mimba yoipa ayenera kumwa tiyi wobiriwira wocheperapo yemwe wasungidwa kwa nthawi yosachepera theka la mwezi mutakonza.Chinthu china choyenera kukumbukira ndi chakuti si mitundu yonse ya tiyi yomwe ili yatsopano kuposa yakale.Mwachitsanzo, tiyi wakuda ngati tiyi wa Pu'er amafunika kukalamba bwino komanso kukhala wabwinoko.

3. Kumwa tiyi musanagone kumakhudza kugona

Kafeini yomwe ili mu tiyi imakhala ndi zotsatira zolimbikitsa minyewa yapakati.Choncho, zanenedwa kuti kumwa tiyi musanagone kumakhudza kugona.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, caffeine imakhalanso diuretic, ndipo kumwa madzi ambiri mu tiyi mosakayikira kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa nthawi yopita kuchimbudzi usiku, motero kumakhudza kugona.Komabe, malinga ndi ogula, kumwa tiyi wa Pu'er sikukhudza kugona.Komabe, izi sichifukwa chakuti Pu'er ali ndi caffeine yochepa, koma chifukwa cha zifukwa zina zosadziwika bwino.

4. Masamba a tiyi amafunika kutsukidwa, koma kulowetsedwa koyamba sikungamwe

Kaya mutha kumwa tiyi woyamba zimatengera mtundu wa tiyi womwe mumamwa.Tiyi wakuda kapena tiyi wa oolong ayenera kutsukidwa mwachangu ndi madzi otentha kaye, kenako ndikutsanulidwa.Izi sizingangotsuka tiyi, komanso zimatenthetsa tiyi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti fungo la tiyi likhale losavuta.Koma tiyi wobiriwira, tiyi wakuda, etc. safuna ndondomekoyi.Anthu ena angakhale ndi nkhawa ndi zotsalira za mankhwala pa tiyi, ndipo amafuna kutsuka tiyi kuti achotse zotsalira.Ndipotu tiyi onse amabzalidwa ndi mankhwala osasungunuka m'madzi.Msuzi wa tiyi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tiyi sukhala ndi zotsalira.Popewa zotsalira za mankhwala, kutsuka tiyi sikofunikira.

5. Tiyi ndi yabwino mukatha kudya

Kumwa tiyi mutangotha ​​kudya kungachititse kuti ma polyphenols agwirizane ndi chitsulo ndi mapuloteni muzakudya, motero amakhudza kuyamwa kwachitsulo ndi mapuloteni m'thupi.Kumwa tiyi pa chopanda kanthu m`mimba pamaso chakudya kumachepetsa chapamimba madzi ndi zimakhudza katulutsidwe wa chapamimba madzi, amene si abwino chimbudzi cha chakudya.Njira yolondola ndikumwa tiyi osachepera theka la ola mutadya, makamaka patatha ola limodzi.

6. Tiyi akhoza anti-hangover

Kumwa tiyi pambuyo pa mowa kumakhala ndi ubwino ndi kuipa.Kumwa tiyi kumatha kufulumizitsa kuwonongeka kwa mowa m'thupi, ndipo mphamvu yake ya diuretic imatha kuthandizira kuti zinthu zowola zichotsedwe, motero zimathandizira kukomoka;koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuwonongeka kofulumira kumeneku kudzawonjezera kulemetsa kwa chiwindi ndi impso.Choncho, anthu omwe ali ndi chiwindi chosauka ndi impso ndi bwino kuti asagwiritse ntchito tiyi kuti awonongeke, makamaka kuti asamwe tiyi wamphamvu atatha kumwa.

7. Gwiritsani ntchito makapu a mapepala kapena makapu a thermos kupanga tiyi

Pali phula la sera pakhoma lamkati la kapu ya pepala, zomwe zidzakhudza kukoma kwa tiyi pambuyo pa kusungunuka sera;kapu ya vacuum imayika kutentha kwambiri komanso kutentha kosalekeza kwa tiyi, zomwe zingapangitse mtundu wa tiyi kukhala wachikasu komanso wakuda, kukoma kumakhala kowawa, ndipo kukoma kwa madzi kudzawonekera.Zitha kukhudzanso thanzi la tiyi.Choncho, potuluka, ndi bwino kuti mupange mu teapot poyamba, ndikutsanulira mu thermos kutentha kwa madzi kutsika.

8. Pangani tiyi mwachindunji ndi madzi apampopi otentha

M'madera osiyanasiyana, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakuuma kwa madzi apampopi.Madzi apampopi amadzi olimba amakhala ndi ayoni ambiri achitsulo monga calcium ndi magnesium, omwe angayambitse zovuta zina ndi tiyi polyphenols ndi zina.

zigawo za tiyi, zomwe zimakhudza fungo ndi kukoma kwa tiyi, komanso thanzi la tiyi.

9. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi otentha popanga tiyi

Tiyi wobiriwira wobiriwira nthawi zambiri amaphikidwa ndi madzi pafupifupi 85 ° C.Madzi otentha amatha kuchepetsa kutsitsimuka kwa supu ya tiyi.Tiyi wa oolong monga Tieguanyin amaphikidwa bwino m'madzi otentha kuti azitha kununkhira bwino;tiyi wakuda wopanikizidwa monga tiyi wa keke ya Pu'er amathanso kuonedwa ngati wopangira tiyi, kuti zosakaniza zamtundu wa Pu'er zitha kutsekedwa kwathunthu.

10. Pangani tiyi ndi chivindikiro, amakoma onunkhira

Popanga tiyi wonunkhira ndi tiyi wa oolong, zimakhala zosavuta kupanga fungo la tiyi ndi chivindikiro, koma popanga tiyi wobiriwira, zimakhudza kununkhira kwa fungo.

Kugula tiyi si ntchito yophweka.Kuti mupeze tiyi wabwino, muyenera kudziwa zambiri, monga milingo, mitengo ndi msika wamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tiyi, komanso kuwunika ndi kuwunika kwa tiyi.Ubwino wa tiyi umasiyanitsidwa makamaka ndi zinthu zinayi: mtundu, fungo, kukoma, ndi mawonekedwe.Komabe, kwa omwe amamwa tiyi wamba, pogula tiyi, amatha kungoyang'ana mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa tiyi wowuma.Ubwino ndizovuta kwambiri.Nawa mayambiriro ovuta a njira yodziwira tiyi wowuma.Maonekedwe a tiyi wowuma amawonedwa makamaka kuchokera kuzinthu zisanu, zomwe ndi kufatsa, kulimba, mtundu, kudzaza ndi kumveka bwino.

Kukoma mtima

Nthawi zambiri, tiyi wokhala ndi chifundo chabwino amakwaniritsa zofunikira za mawonekedwe ("kuwala, osalala, osalala, owongoka").

Komabe, kukoma mtima sikungathe kuweruzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ubweya wabwino, chifukwa zofunikira zenizeni za tiyi zosiyanasiyana ndizosiyana, monga Shifeng Longjing wabwino kwambiri alibe fluff pa thupi.Kukoma kwa masamba ndi masamba kumayesedwa potengera kuchuluka kwa ma fluffs, omwe amangoyenera tiyi "fluffy" monga Maofeng, Maojian, ndi Yinzhen.Choyenera kutchulidwa apa ndikuti masamba anthete kwambiri amakhalanso ndi mphukira ndi tsamba.Kusankha mbali imodzi ya mtima wa mphukira sikoyenera.Chifukwa mphukira yapakati ndi gawo lopanda ungwiro la kukula, zosakaniza zomwe zilimo sizokwanira, makamaka zomwe zili ndi chlorophyll ndizochepa kwambiri.Chifukwa chake, tiyi sayenera kupangidwa kuchokera ku masamba pongofuna kukhudzika mtima.

Zovula

Zovala ndi mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tiyi, monga mizere yobiriwira yokazinga, tiyi wa ngale, Longjing flat, mawonekedwe amtundu wa tiyi wosweka, ndi zina zotero.Kaŵirikaŵiri, tiyi wamizere yaitali amadalira kuthamuka, kuwongoka, mphamvu, kuwonda, kuzungulira, ndi kulemera kwake;tiyi wozungulira amadalira kulimba, kufanana, kulemera, ndi kuperewera kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono;tiyi lathyathyathya zimadalira kusalala ndi ngati akukumana specifications.Kawirikawiri, zingwezo zimakhala zolimba, mafupa ndi olemetsa, ozungulira komanso owongoka (kupatula tiyi yathyathyathya), kusonyeza kuti zopangira ndi zofewa, ntchito yake ndi yabwino, ndipo khalidwe ndilabwino;ngati mawonekedwewo ndi otayirira, ophwanyika (kupatula tiyi wathyathyathya), wosweka, ndipo pali utsi ndi coke Kukoma kumasonyeza kuti zipangizo ndi zakale, ntchitoyo ndi yosauka, ndipo khalidweli ndi lochepa.Tengani mizere ya tiyi wobiriwira ku Hangzhou mwachitsanzo: gawo loyamba: labwino komanso lolimba, pali mbande zakutsogolo;mlingo wachiwiri: wothina koma amakhalabe ndi mbande zakutsogolo;mlingo wachitatu: akadali olimba;mlingo wachinayi: akadali olimba;mlingo wachisanu: kumasuka pang'ono;mlingo wachisanu ndi chimodzi : Wokakala womasuka.Zitha kuwoneka kuti chofunikira kwambiri ndikumangitsa, kulimba, ndi mbande zakuthwa.

Mtundu

Mtundu wa tiyi umagwirizana kwambiri ndi kukoma kwa zinthu zopangira komanso ukadaulo wokonza.Mitundu yonse ya tiyi imakhala ndi zofunikira zamtundu, monga tiyi wakuda wakuda wamafuta, wobiriwira tiyi wamamerald wobiriwira, oolong wobiriwira wobiriwira, tiyi wakuda wakuda wamafuta ndi zina zotero.Koma ziribe kanthu mtundu wa tiyi, tiyi wabwino amafuna mtundu wosasinthasintha, kuwala kowala, mafuta ndi atsopano.Ngati mtunduwo ndi wosiyana, mthunzi ndi wosiyana, ndipo ndi mdima komanso wosasunthika, zikutanthauza kuti zipangizo ndizosiyana, ntchitoyo ndi yosauka, ndipo khalidweli ndi lochepa.

Mtundu ndi kuwala kwa tiyi kumakhudzana kwambiri ndi chiyambi cha mtengo wa tiyi ndi nyengo.Monga tiyi wobiriwira wamapiri, mtundu wake ndi wobiriwira komanso wachikasu pang'ono, watsopano komanso wowala;tiyi wamapiri otsika kapena tiyi wathyathyathya ali ndi mdima wobiriwira komanso wopepuka.Popanga tiyi, chifukwa cha teknoloji yosayenera, mtunduwo umawonongeka.Pogula tiyi, weruzani molingana ndi tiyi yomwe mwagula.

Kusweka

Wathunthu ndi wosweka amatanthauza mawonekedwe ndi kuchuluka kwa kusweka kwa tiyi.Ndi bwino kukhala wofanana ndi kusweka mu yachiwiri.Kuwunika kwa tiyi kowonjezereka ndikuyika tiyi mu thireyi (yomwe nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi matabwa), kuti pansi pa mphamvu yozungulira, tiyi apange wosanjikiza mwadongosolo malinga ndi mawonekedwe, kukula, kulemera, makulidwe, ndi kukula.Pakati pawo, zolimba zimakhala pamtunda wapamwamba kwambiri, zowonongeka ndi zolemetsa zimayikidwa pakati, ndipo zosweka ndi zazing'ono zimayikidwa pansi.Kwa mitundu yonse ya tiyi, ndi bwino kumwa tiyi wapakati.Chapamwamba wosanjikiza zambiri wolemera mu coarse ndi akale masamba, ndi kukoma opepuka ndi opepuka madzi mtundu;wosanjikiza m'munsi amakhala kwambiri wosweka tiyi, amene amakhala ndi kukoma amphamvu pambuyo moŵa, ndi madzi mtundu wakuda.

Ukhondo

Zimadalira makamaka ngati tiyi wasakanizidwa ndi tchipisi ta tiyi, tsinde la tiyi, ufa wa tiyi, mbewu za tiyi, ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu monga tchipisi tansungwi, tchipisi tamatabwa, laimu, ndi silt zosakanikirana popanga.Tiyi momveka bwino mulibe inclusions iliyonse.Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kudziwikanso ndi fungo louma la tiyi.Ziribe kanthu mtundu wa tiyi, sipayenera kukhala fungo lachilendo.Mtundu uliwonse wa tiyi uli ndi fungo linalake, ndipo fungo louma ndi lonyowa ndilosiyana, lomwe liyenera kutsimikiziridwa malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.The wobiriwira kununkhira, utsi kuwotchedwa kukoma ndi kuphika stuffy kukoma si zofunika.Njira yosavuta yodziwira ubwino wa tiyi ndi kukoma, fungo ndi mtundu wa tiyi wamasamba pambuyo pophika.Choncho ngati aloledwa, yesetsani kupanga moŵa mmene mungathere pogula tiyi.Ngati mukufuna mtundu wina wa tiyi, ndi bwino kupeza zambiri zokhudza tiyi kuti mumvetse bwino za mtundu wake, kukoma kwake, mawonekedwe ake, ndi kuyerekezera tiyi omwe mumagula wina ndi mzake.Ngati muli ndi nthawi zambiri, mudzatha kumvetsa mwamsanga mfundo zazikulu..Kwa omwe si akatswiri, sizingatheke kuti mtundu uliwonse wa tiyi ukhoza kuweruzidwa kuti ndi wabwino kapena woipa.Ndi ochepa chabe mwa omwe mumakonda.Tiyi wochokera komwe adachokera nthawi zambiri amakhala oyera, koma mtundu wa tiyi umasiyana chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa njira zopangira tiyi.

Aroma

Kumpoto kumadziwika kuti "fungo la tiyi".Masamba a tiyi atatha kuphikidwa m'madzi otentha kwa mphindi zisanu, tsanulirani madzi a tiyi mu mbale yowunikira ndikununkhiza ngati fungo lake ndi labwino.Fungo lokoma monga lamaluwa, la zipatso, ndi uchi ndilofunika kwambiri.Fungo la utsi, kupsa mtima, nkhungu, ndi moto wakale nthawi zambiri zimayamba chifukwa cha kusapanga bwino komanso kusagwira bwino ntchito kapena kusayika bwino ndi kusunga.

Kulawa

Kumpoto, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "chakou."Kumene msuzi wa tiyi ndi wofewa komanso watsopano, zikutanthauza kuti madzi omwe amathira madzi ndi ambiri ndipo zosakaniza zake ndi zabwino.Msuzi wa tiyi ndi wowawa komanso wovuta komanso wakale amatanthauza kuti mapangidwe a madziwo si abwino.Msuzi wofooka ndi wochepa thupi wa tiyi umasonyeza kuti madzi sakukwanira.

Madzi

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mtundu wamadzimadzi ndi kutsitsimuka kwa khalidwe ndi kukoma kwa masamba atsopano kumawunikiridwa.Mtundu wabwino kwambiri wamadzimadzi ndikuti tiyi wobiriwira amafunika kukhala womveka, wolemera komanso watsopano, ndipo tiyi wakuda ayenera kukhala wofiira komanso wowala.Masamba a tiyi otsika kapena owonongeka amakhala amtambo komanso osawoneka bwino.

Tsamba lonyowa

Kuunika kwa tsamba lonyowa makamaka ndikuwona mtundu wake ndi kuchuluka kwa kukoma kwake.Kuchuluka wandiweyani ndi zofewa masamba pa Mphukira nsonga ndi zimakhala, apamwamba mwachifundo wa tiyi.Masamba olimba, olimba komanso owonda amawonetsa kuti tiyi ndi wokhuthala komanso wakale komanso kukula kwake ndi koyipa.Mtunduwu ndi wowala komanso wogwirizana ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi ofanana, kusonyeza kuti teknoloji yopanga tiyi imakonzedwa bwino.

1. Kusamba kwa Baihe (kutsuka chikho): kutsuka tiyi ndi madzi otentha;

2. Avalokitesvara kulowa m’nyumba yachifumu (kuponya tiyi): Ikani Tieguanyin mu seti ya tiyi, ndipo kuchuluka kwa tiyi woikidwa kumawerengera pafupifupi theka la mphamvu ya tiyi;

3. Mphika wolendewera (tiyi wofukira): Thirani madzi owiritsa mu tiyi kapena chivindikiro kuti tiyi azungulire;

4. Kamphepo kamphepo ka masika (kukanda thovu): Gwiritsani ntchito chivindikirocho pochotsa thovu loyera lomwe likuyandamalo kuti likhale labwino komanso loyera;

5. Mzinda wa Guan Gong Woyendera (kutsanulira madzi a tiyi ): Thirani madzi a tiyi omwe afulidwa kwa mphindi imodzi kapena ziwiri mu makapu a tiyi osakanikirana;

6. Han Xin akulamula asilikali (kuyitanitsa tiyi): Mukati mwa tiyi mwangotsala madzi pang'ono, tsitsani mofanana mu kapu iliyonse ya tiyi;

7. Yamikirani mtundu wa msuzi (yang'anani tiyi): onani mtundu wa tiyi mu kapu;

8. Kulawa Ganlin (kumwa tiyi): Tengani kutentha ndi kumenya, mvani kaye fungo lake, kenaka mulawe fungo lake, sipani ndi kununkhiza, kuthira mopepuka.Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa zakumwa kumakhala kochepa, kumatha kusiya kununkhira pamasaya ndi mano, koma pansi ndi lokoma komanso lotsitsimula.

Popanga tiyi, sungani thupi lanu pamalo abwino, mutu wanu wowongoka ndi mapewa anu ali osalala, maso anu ndi kayendedwe kake ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana komanso zachilengedwe, ndipo mapewa anu ayenera kutsika, zigongono, ndi manja anu akwezedwe panthawi yopanga. tiyi.Osakweza zigongono zanu ngati musuntha manja anu mokwera ndi motsika

Tiyi imakhala ndi alumali, koma imagwirizana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tiyi.Tiyi wosiyana ali ndi moyo wosiyana wa alumali.Malingana ngati zasungidwa bwino, sizidzangowonongeka, koma zimatha kupititsa patsogolo ubwino wa tiyi.

Maluso oteteza

Ngati mikhalidwe ikuloleza, masamba a tiyi m’zitini zachitsulo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kutulutsa mpweya m’zitini ndi chopopera mpweya, ndiyeno kuwotcherera ndi kusindikizidwa, kuti tiyiyo asungidwe kwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu.Ngati zinthu sizili zokwanira, zikhoza kusungidwa mu botolo la thermos, chifukwa botolo la madzi liri lolekanitsidwa ndi mpweya wakunja, masamba a tiyi amadzaza mu chikhodzodzo, osindikizidwa ndi sera yoyera, ndipo amaphimbidwa ndi tepi.Ndi yosavuta komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso yosavuta kusunga kunyumba.

Mabotolo wamba, zitini, ndi zina zotero, posungira tiyi, gwiritsani ntchito mphika wadongo wokhala ndi chivindikiro chambiri mkati ndi kunja kapena pakamwa lalikulu ndi pamimba kuti muchepetse kukhudzana kwa mpweya mumtsuko.Chivundikiro cha chidebecho chiyenera kuphatikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi thupi la chidebe kuti chinyontho chisalowe.

Zida zoyikamo za tiyi ziyenera kukhala zopanda fungo lachilendo, ndipo chidebe cha tiyi ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito ziyenera kukhala zotsekedwa mwamphamvu momwe zingathere, zikhale ndi machitidwe abwino oletsa chinyezi, kuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi mpweya, ndikusungidwa pamalo owuma, aukhondo, ndi onunkhira. -malo aulere
Sungani m'chipinda chozizira kapena firiji.Mukamasunga, sungani masamba a tiyi osindikizidwa musanawaikemo.

Gwiritsani ntchito quicklime kapena high-grade desiccant, monga silika gel osakaniza kuti mutenge chinyezi mu tiyi, zotsatira zotetezera zimakhala bwino.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya mpweya wochepa kwambiri mu thanki ndikupatula masamba a tiyi mu thanki kuchokera kudziko lakunja atasindikizidwa, masamba a tiyi amawumitsidwa mpaka madzi afika pafupifupi 2% ndipo nthawi yomweyo amaikidwa mu thanki ikamatentha, ndiyeno kusindikizidwa, ndipo akhoza kusungidwa kwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri pa kutentha firiji.

Kusungirako malonda

Pamalo ogulitsa tiyi, masamba a tiyi m'matumba ang'onoang'ono ayenera kuikidwa m'matumba owuma, oyera ndi otsekedwa, ndipo zotengerazo ziyenera kuikidwa pamalo ouma, opanda fungo, ndi kutetezedwa ku dzuwa.Masamba a tiyi apamwamba ayenera kusungidwa m'zitini zotsekera mpweya, kuchotsa mpweya ndi kudzaza nayitrogeni, ndikusungidwa m'malo ozizira kutali ndi kuwala.Ndiko kuti, masamba a tiyi amawumitsidwa pasadakhale 4% -5%, amayikidwa m'mitsuko yopanda mpweya komanso yosawoneka bwino, amachotsa mpweya ndikudzaza nayitrogeni kenako osindikizidwa mwamphamvu, ndikusungidwa m'malo ozizira a tiyi pamalo odzipereka.Kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi kusunga tiyi kwa zaka 3 mpaka 5 kumatha kukhalabe ndi mtundu, fungo ndi kukoma kwa tiyi popanda kukalamba.

Chithandizo cha chinyezi

Tengani tiyi msangamsanga ikapeza chinyezi.Njira yake ndi kuika tiyi mu sieve yachitsulo kapena poto yachitsulo ndikuphika ndi moto wochepa.Kutentha sikokwera kwambiri.Pamene mukuphika, gwedezani ndikugwedezani.Mukachotsa chinyezi, tambani patebulo kapena bolodi ndikuumitsa.Sungani pambuyo pozizira.

Kusamalitsa

Kusungirako kosayenera kwa tiyi kumapangitsa kutentha kubwerera ku chinyezi, komanso nkhungu.Panthawiyi, tiyi sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyanikanso ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, tiyi yowuma ndi dzuwa idzakhala yowawa komanso yonyansa, ndipo tiyi yapamwamba idzakhalanso yotsika kwambiri.